ABSTRACT
Background: Economic, physical, and human resources capitals played the most important role in the traditional views of management. However, for development in the current era, social capital is required more than economic, physical, and human capitals. Attitudes and performance of social capital in any organization is one of the important prerequisites for the success in that organization. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior among employees of selected hospitals in Tehran
Methods: This research was an analytical and applied study that was conducted in 2015. Simple stratified random sampling was conducted based on organizational positions [administrative, financial, and para-clinic] among each class to a certain proportion and based on Cochran formula. Data collection tools included two questionnaires of Luthans psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior of Netmir. Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression tests were used in order to analyze data in the form of Spss18 software at the significant level of 0.05
Results: Psychological capital and organizational citizenship behavior were desirable among studied hospital staffs. On the other hand, altruism and self-efficacy had the highest mean scores, while chivalry and optimism had the lowest ratings. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that organizational citizenship behavior is able to predict the overall psychological capital [beta = 0.285]
Conclusion: Given that citizenship behavior can clearly predict psychological capital in staff, hospital administrators should try to promote organizational citizenship behavior and consequently psychological capital by involving employees in decisions, consult with them, and hold training courses to motivate them
ABSTRACT
Background: Providing healthcare services of the highest quality and quantity, based on the results of scientific research, is one of the main tasks of nurses. The aim of this study is to evaluate nurses' perception of evidence-based knowledge, attitude and practice in selected hospitals of Iran
Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional analysis that was conducted to investigate nurses' perception of evidence-based practice [EBP]. Two hundred and- sixty nurses were selected randomly from six hospitals in Qazvin city in Iran to participate in the study. An evidence-based practice questionnaire was used to assess the dimensions of EBP. Descriptive and inferential statistics using frequency tables, t-student statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and ANOVA were used for data analysis
Results: According to this study, nurses' perception of EBP was generally above average [3.91 out of 7] and average of Practice, attitude and knowledge/skills were 4.14, 3.78 and 3.74 respectively. There was no statistically significant relationship among EBP dimensions and gender, age and job tenure [P-value > 0.05]. There was a statistically significant relation between attitude of nurses and type of employment [P-value < 0.05]
Conclusion: In this study, the mean of evidence-based practice among nurses was at a level higher than the average. The attitude of the nurses who were studied was moderate, but thanks to the low level of their knowledge about EBP, training programs based on needs assessments resulting from the findings of this study were suggested that could improve nurses' knowledge of EBP
ABSTRACT
Introduction: patient safety culture is an important part of improvement in the safety of health care. Knowing its present status is required for development of safety culture. The present study aimed to evaluate the current status of Patient safety culture in hospitals of three central provinces of Iran
Method: the present cross-sectional study was performed in teaching hospitals of Tehran, Alborz, and Qazvin provinces. The standard HSOPSC questionnaire was used for evaluation of the patient safety culture from the viewpoint of 522[Qazvin: 200, Tehran: 312, Alborz: 40] individuals who were randomly selected as workers of the hospitals. The collected data were analyzed using Chi-square and ANOVA tests
Results: the mean positive response to 12 aspects of the patient safety was 62.9%. "Organizational learning" had the highest proportion of positive response [71.18%] and "Handoffs and Transitions" had the lowest [54.49%]. There was a statistically significant difference in scores of "Teamwork within Units"[p=0.006[,"Manager Expectations and actions promoting"[p=0.014],"organizational learning and continuous improvement"[p=0.001], "Management support"[p=0.007], "Feedback and communication"[p=0.012], and "Communication openness"[p=0.003] among the provinces, respectively
Conclusion: we performed a full assessment of the patient safety culture in the studied provinces. Organizational learning was satisfactory in the hospitals. The studied hospitals need arrangement of safety-based programs and supports of senior administrators to perform more sophisticated efforts and improve the patient safety culture
ABSTRACT
Introduction: quality of health services is the rate of achievement to the most desirable resultants of health, so that provided services are effective, efficient, and affordable. Thus, quality evaluation can be an important source of information for recognition of problems and favorable plans in provision of treatment services
Method: in this cross-sectional study, criteria of quality in hospital services and the compatibility rate from viewpoint of providers and recipients of services in Iran were studied using simple random sampling method in 4 provinces of country among 1485 people. Data were gathered using a designed questionnaire; criteria of quality in views of providers and recipients of services in six dimensions were studied. The data were analyzed using SPSSW-20 software. In order to analyze the information, descriptive tests and to determine the compatibility rate between the two groups, Chi-square test were used at a significance level of 0.05
Results: based on the results of this research, most percentage of accordance between the two groups of providers and recipients of services was in "Human Resources" dimension and in 1st priority ["Knowledge and specialty and skills of physicians and nurses and other people involved in patient care" criterion] with a frequency of 76.3 and 73.1 percent. Among the six studied dimensions, compatibility rate between the two groups, in "Access to Service and Care", "Respecting Values and Emotional Support", and "Management and Coordination of Care System" dimensions was significant [P<0.001]
Conclusion: quality evaluation is an important source of information for recognition of problems and favorable plans in provision of effective health services. Therefore, recognition of different views of beneficiary groups and specially attempts to make perceptions of providers and recipients closer in the context of quality criteria are essential
ABSTRACT
Introduction: More than seventeen millions people die due to cardiovascular diseases which account for one third of death worldwide. Half of 60% of all mortality caused by acquired diseases throughout the world is due to heart disorders and this ratio will augment to 73% by 2020. It is known that individual lifestyle has a great influence on the well-being of cardiovascular system. Seven of the top ten etiologies leading to death are related to the pattern of lifestyle. This study explored various lifestyle-related factors affecting ischemic conditions
Method: This study was performed as a case control investigation on 65 subjects along with 65 controls who were all admitted at Sevome Shaaban hospital in Damavand town of Iran. All data] demographic and life-style variables] were gathered, using three different types of questionnaire obtained from each person. p< 0.05 was considered as significant
Results: Age, marriage status, smoking, physical activities, diet and mental health condition were shown to have a significant effect on ischemia [P <0.001]. Insufficient physical activities, fatty and low fiber food as well as impaired psychology conditions were among the risk factors that contributed to Ischemic heart disease
Conclusion: Insufficient physical activities, fatty and low fiber food as well as impaired psychology conditions were among the risk factors that contribute to ischemic heart disease
ABSTRACT
Background: The importance of safety in hospitals can be studied from different angles since hospital is a critical environment for incidents. Assessment of occupational accidents in hospitals can prevent their recurrence and maintain human and financial resources. This study aimed to investigate the occupational accidents among staff in a hospital
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was carried out in a hospital in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Two hundred and thirty staff from various wards of the hospital were recruited by stratified random sampling. Data collection was performed using a researcher-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the SPSS-20 software with descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests
Results: The study results revealed that among staff, most of the occupational accidents was related to skin contact with blood or other body fluids and least of them belonged to toxicity with solvents. The results showed significant differences regarding occupational accidents between different groups of gender, years of work experience, organizational position, shift type, and age
Conclusion: Since most of the occupational accidents happened at least one time among hospital staff, paying attention to prevention of it is necessary. Due to the complex nature of hospitals, management and prevention of occupational accidents require all personnel's willpower and involvement, and hospital management reform
ABSTRACT
Background: Organizational commitment and its significant impact on the job satisfaction and performance has been the subject of many studies. Regarding the importance of organizational behavior and its role in service quality, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between nurses' organizational commitment and hospital services in order to improve its quality
Methods: This study was a cross sectional survey and a total of 149 nurses and 237 patients from inpatient wards of hospitals affiliated to Tehran Social Security Organization were selected through cluster sampling. To collect data, two standard questionnaires [organizational commitment and quality of service] were used. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman and Pearson correlation test
Results: Our findings indicated that the nurses' organizational commitment was moderate [x=3.02 out of 5] and service quality was higher than average, Continuance [r=0.3, P=0.04], affective [r=0.33, P=0.03], normative commitment [r=0.34, P=0.05], and overall commitment [r=0.35, P=0.04] were significantly related to total service quality
Conclusion: The enhancement of normative commitment through emphasis upon organizational values and recruitment, as well as enhancement of continuance commitment through career promotion methods and equal assessment will improve the service quality in hospitals